Grace Brewster Hopper was a pioneering American computer scientist, mathematician, and U.S. Navy rear admiral. She made groundbreaking contributions to computer programming, developing the theory of machine-independent programming languages and creating FLOW-MATIC and COBOL. Hopper was also one of the first programmers on the Harvard Mark I computer and wrote the first computer manual.

With a Ph.D. from Yale and experience as a Vassar professor, Hopper joined the Navy during World War II, launching her computing career. She worked on the UNIVAC I, developed one of the first COBOL compilers, and advocated for English-based programming languages. Her numerous accolades include the National Medal of Technology, the Presidential Medal of Freedom, and having a U.S. Navy destroyer named after her.

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